Supra aortic access modular stent assembly and method

ABSTRACT

The techniques of this disclosure generally relate to a modular stent device that is deployed via supra aortic access through the brachiocephalic artery. The modular stent device is a base or anchor component to which additional modular stent devices can be attached to exclude diseased areas of the aorta while at the same time allowing perfusion of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery.

FIELD

The present technology is generally related to an intra-vascular device and method. More particularly, the present application relates to a device for treatment of intra-vascular diseases.

BACKGROUND

Aneurysms, dissections, penetrating ulcers, intramural hematomas and/or transections may occur in blood vessels, and most typically occur in the aorta and peripheral arteries. The diseased region of the aorta may extend into areas having vessel bifurcations or segments of the aorta from which smaller “branch” arteries extend.

The diseased region of the aorta can be bypassed by use of a stent-graft placed inside the vessel spanning the diseased portion of the aorta, to seal off the diseased portion from further exposure to blood flowing through the aorta.

The use of stent-grafts to internally bypass the diseased portion of the aorta is not without challenges. In particular, care must be taken so that critical branch arteries are not covered or occluded by the stent-graft yet the stent-graft must seal against the aorta wall and provide a flow conduit for blood to flow past the diseased portion.

SUMMARY

The techniques of this disclosure generally relate to a modular stent device configured to be deployed via supra aortic access through the brachiocephalic artery. The modular stent device is a base or anchor component to which additional modular stent devices can be attached to exclude diseased areas of the aorta while at the same time allowing perfusion of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an assembly including a first modular stent device. The first modular stent device includes a main body, a bypass gate extending distally from a distal end of the main body, and an artery leg extending distally from the distal end of the main body. The artery leg has a greater radial force than a radial force of the bypass gate. The main body has a first longitudinal axis, the bypass gate has a second longitudinal axis, and the artery leg has a third longitudinal axis, the first, second, and third longitudinal axes are parallel with one another when the first modular stent device is in a relaxed configuration. A second modular stent device is configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an assembly including the first modular stent device and a stent-graft prosthesis configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate. In one embodiment, the stent-graft prosthesis includes a main body and a coupling extending radially from the main body of the stent-graft prosthesis.

In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides an assembly including the first modular stent device and a double gate bifurcated device configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate.

The details of one or more aspects of the disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the techniques described in this disclosure will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side plan view of a modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the modular stent device of FIG. 1 in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vessel assembly including the modular stent device of FIGS. 1 and 2 during deployment in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 3 at a later stage during deployment of the modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 4 at a later stage during deployment of the modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a second modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 6 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft into the modular stent devices in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a second modular stent device in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 8 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft into the modular stent devices in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a second modular stent device in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 10 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft into the second modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a second modular stent device in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 12 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft into the second modular stent device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 14 at a later stage during deployment of a bridging stent graft in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 16 at a later stage during deployment of a bridging stent graft in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a double gate bifurcated device in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 18 at a later stage during deployment of bridging stent grafts in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 19 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft into the double gate bifurcated device in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a double gate bifurcated device in accordance with another embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the vessel assembly of FIG. 21 at a later stage during deployment of bridging stent grafts in accordance with one embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As an overview and in accordance with one embodiment, referring to FIG. 5, a modular stent device 100 is deployed via supra aortic access through the brachiocephalic artery BCA. Modular stent device 100 is a base or anchor component to which additional modular stent devices can be attached to exclude diseased areas of the aorta 302 while at the same time allowing perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC and the left subclavian artery LCA.

Now in more detail, FIG. 1 is a side plan view of a first modular stent device 100 in accordance with one embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of modular stent device 100 of FIG. 1 in accordance with one embodiment.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2 together, modular stent device 100, sometimes called a prosthesis or aortic arch prosthesis, includes a main body 102, a bypass gate 104 and an artery leg 106, sometimes called a brachiocephalic artery (BCA) leg/limb 106.

In accordance with this embodiment, main body 102 includes a main body proximal opening 108 at a proximal end 110 of main body 102. A distal end 112 of main body 102 is coupled to a proximal end 114 of bypass gate 104 and a proximal end 116 of artery leg 106.

Bypass gate 104 includes a bypass gate distal opening 118 at a distal end 120 of bypass gate 104. Artery leg 106 includes a leg distal opening 122 at a distal end 124 of artery leg 106. Openings 118, 122 are sometime called distal first and second openings 118, 122, respectively.

As used herein, the proximal end of a prosthesis such as modular stent device 100 is the end closest to the heart via the path of blood flow whereas the distal end is the end furthest away from the heart during deployment. In contrast and of note, the distal end of the catheter is usually identified to the end that is farthest from the operator/handle while the proximal end of the catheter is the end nearest the operator/handle.

For purposes of clarity of discussion, as used herein, the distal end of the catheter is the end that is farthest from the operator (the end furthest from the handle) while the distal end of modular stent device 100 is the end nearest the operator (the end nearest the handle), i.e., the distal end of the catheter and the proximal end of modular stent device 100 are the ends furthest from the handle while the proximal end of the catheter and the distal end of modular stent device 100 are the ends nearest the handle. However, those of skill in the art will understand that depending upon the access location, modular stent device 100 and the delivery system descriptions may be consistent or opposite in actual usage.

Main body 102 includes graft material 126 and one or more circumferential stents 128 coupled to graft material 126. Graft material 126 may be any suitable graft material, for example and not limited to, woven polyester, DACRON® material, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, silicone, electro spun materials, or other suitable materials.

Circumferential stents 128 may be coupled to graft material 126 using stitching or other means. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, circumferential stents 128 are coupled to an outside surface of graft material 126. However, circumferential stents 128 may alternatively be coupled to an inside surface of graft material 126.

Although shown with a particular number of circumferential stents 128, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that main body 102 may include a greater or smaller number of stents 128, e.g., depending upon the desired length of main body 102 and/or the intended application thereof.

Circumferential stents 128 may be any stent material or configuration. As shown, circumferential stents 128, e.g., self-expanding members, are preferably made from a shape memory material, such as nickel-titanium alloy (nitinol), and are formed into a zig-zag configuration. The configuration of circumferential stents 128 is merely exemplary, and circumferential stents 128 may have any suitable configuration, including but not limiting to a continuous or non-continuous helical configuration. In another embodiment, circumferential stents 128 are balloon expandable stents.

The circumferential stent 128A of the circumferential stents 128 which is disposed at proximal end 110 is referred to herein as the proximal-most stent 128A. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, proximal-most stent 128A extends only to the edge of graft material 126 in a closed-web configuration as shown. However, in another embodiment, proximal-most stent 128A extends proximally past the edge of graft material 126 in an open-web or uncovered configuration.

Further, main body 102 includes a longitudinal axis LA1. A lumen 130 is defined by graft material 126, and generally by main body 102. Lumen 130 extends generally parallel to longitudinal axis LA1 and between proximal opening 108 and distal end 112 of main body 102. Graft material 126 is cylindrical having a substantially uniform diameter in this embodiment. However, in other embodiments, graft material 126 varies in diameter.

Bypass gate 104 includes graft material 132 and one or more circumferential stents 134 coupled to graft material 132. Graft material 132 may be any suitable graft material, for example and not limited to, woven polyester, DACRON® material, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, silicone, electro spun materials, or other suitable materials.

Circumferential stents 134 may be coupled to graft material 132 using stitching or other means. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, circumferential stents 134 are coupled to an outside surface of graft material 132. However, circumferential stents 134 may alternatively be coupled to an inside surface of graft material 132.

Although shown with a particular number of circumferential stents 134, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that bypass gate 104 may include a greater or smaller number of stents 134, e.g., depending upon the desired length of bypass gate 104 and/or the intended application thereof.

Circumferential stents 134 may be any stent material or configuration. As shown, circumferential stents 110, e.g., self-expanding members, are preferably made from a shape memory material, such as nickel-titanium alloy (nitinol), and are formed into a zig-zag configuration. The configuration of circumferential stents 134 is merely exemplary, and circumferential stents 134 may have any suitable configuration, including but not limiting to a continuous or non-continuous helical configuration. In another embodiment, circumferential stents 134 are balloon expandable stents.

Further, bypass gate 104 includes a longitudinal axis LA2. A lumen 136 is defined by graft material 132, and generally by bypass gate 104. Lumen 136 extends generally parallel to longitudinal axis LA2 and between proximal end 114 and distal opening 118 of bypass gate 104. Graft material 132 is cylindrical having a substantially uniform diameter in this embodiment. However, in other embodiments, graft material 132 varies in diameter.

Artery leg 106 includes graft material 138 and one or more circumferential stents 140 coupled to graft material 138. Graft material 138 may be any suitable graft material, for example and not limited to, woven polyester, DACRON® material, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, silicone, electro spun materials, or other suitable materials.

Circumferential stents 140 may be coupled to graft material 138 using stitching or other means. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, circumferential stents 140 are coupled to an outside surface of graft material 138. However, circumferential stents 140 may alternatively be coupled to an inside surface of graft material 138.

Although shown with a particular number of circumferential stents 140, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that artery leg 106 may include a greater or smaller number of stents 140, e.g., depending upon the desired length of artery leg 106 and/or the intended application thereof.

Circumferential stents 140 may be any stent material or configuration. As shown, circumferential stents 140, e.g., self-expanding members, are preferably made from a shape memory material, such as nickel-titanium alloy (nitinol), and are formed into a zig-zag configuration. The configuration of circumferential stents 140 is merely exemplary, and circumferential stents 140 may have any suitable configuration, including but not limiting to a continuous or non-continuous helical configuration. In another embodiment, circumferential stents 140 are balloon expandable stents.

Further, artery leg 106 includes a longitudinal axis LA3. A lumen 142 is defined by graft material 138, and generally by artery leg 106. Lumen 142 extends generally parallel to longitudinal axis LA3 and between proximal end 116 and distal opening 122 of artery leg 106. Graft material 138 is cylindrical having a substantially uniform diameter in this embodiment. However, in other embodiments, graft material 138 varies in diameter.

Generally, main body 102 is bifurcated at distal end 112 into bypass gate 104 and artery leg 106. More particularly, lumen 130 of main body 102 is bifurcated into lumen 136 of bypass gate 104 and lumen 142 of artery leg 106.

In one embodiment, graft materials 126, 132, 138 may be the same graft material, e.g., may be a single piece of graft material cut and sewn. However, in other embodiments, one or more of graft materials 126, 132, 138 may be different that the others of graft materials 126, 132, 138, e.g., different graft materials are cut and sewn together. In the relaxed configuration of modular stent device 100 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, longitudinal axes LA1, LA2, and LA3 are parallel with one another such that bypass gate 104 and artery leg 106 extend distally from main body 102.

Main body 102 has a first diameter D1, bypass gate 104 has a second diameter D2, and artery leg 106 has a third diameter D3. In accordance with this embodiment, first diameter D1 is greater than second diameter D2. Further, second diameter D2 is greater than third diameter D3. In accordance with this embodiment, first diameter D1 is greater than second diameter D2 combined with third diameter D3 (D1>D2+D3) such that bypass gate 104 and artery leg 106 are located within an imaginary cylinder defined by graft material 126 of main body 102 extended in the distal direction. The parallel design mimics anatomical blood vessel bifurcations to limit flow disruptions.

In one embodiment, first diameter D1 is greater than second diameter D2 combined with third diameter D3 (D1>D2+D3) at distal end 112 and proximal ends 114, 116, sometimes called the transition region. However, main body 102, bypass gate 104 and/or artery leg 106, flare or taper away from the transition region in accordance with another embodiment, so D1>D2+D3 at the transition region but is not necessarily correct in regions away from the transition region. Flaring is indicated by the dashed lines in FIG. 1.

Stated another way, the transition region from main body 102 to artery leg 106 and bypass gate 104 does not exceed first diameter D1 of main body 102. This insures artery leg 106 and bypass gate 104 don't crush each other or negatively impact flow in any way. By avoiding having artery leg 106 and bypass gate 104 extend out wider than main body 102, a good seal of stents 128 of main body 102 against the aorta is insured and type I endoleaks are minimized or avoided.

In accordance with one embodiment, the transition region between main body 102 and artery leg 106 and bypass gate 104 is fully supported by one or more supporting stents, e.g., stents 128, 134, 140, to prevent kinking in angled anatomy. Absent the supporting stents, modular stent device 100 may be predispose to kinking in type III arches or gothic arches.

Main body 102 has a first length L1 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis LA1, bypass gate 104 has a second length L2 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis LA2, and artery leg 106 has a third length L3 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis LA3. In accordance with this embodiment, third length L3 is greater than second length L2 such that distal opening 122 the artery leg 106 is distal to distal opening 118 of bypass gate 104. Generally, artery leg 106 is longer than bypass gate 104.

In one embodiment, first diameter D1 ranges from 26 mm to 54 mm. In another embodiment, first diameter D1 is smaller for a second device to treat the left common carotid or left subclavian artery and first diameter D1 is as small as 22 mm for transections. In one particular embodiment, first diameter D1 is in the range of 20 mm to 60 mm.

In one embodiment, second diameter D2 is any one of a number of values to accommodate a minimum diameter of artery leg 106 and the various possible diameters D1 of main body 102. In one embodiment, second diameter D2 of bypass gate 104 is maximized by subtracting the third diameter D3 of artery leg 106 from first diameter D1 of main body 102. For the brachiocephalic artery, also known as the innominate artery, the minimum diameter of artery leg 106 is suitably around 10 mm to 14 mm. Accordingly, when first diameter D1 is 20 mm, second diameter D2 of bypass gate 104 is 10 mm. However, second diameter D2 is as large as 50 mm in another embodiment. Suitably, second diameter D2 is in the approximate range of 10 mm to 46 mm.

Third diameter D3 is the diameter for the innominate artery, the left subclavian, and/or the left common carotid in one embodiment. The innominate artery ranges in size from approximately 10 mm up to 24 mm. The left subclavian artery size range is closer to 8 mm to 14 mm and the left common carotid artery is in the 6 mm to 10 mm range. Accordingly, third diameter D3 is suitably in the approximate range of 6 mm to 24 mm and in one particular embodiment is in the approximate range of 5 mm to 22 mm.

In one embodiment, landing is targeted in the middle of the ascending aorta. The distance between the sinotubular junction STJ and innominate artery ranges in size from 4-8 cm so first length L1 is suitably in the range of around 4 cm to 8 cm. However, to extend coverage all the way to the sinotubular junction STJ, in one embodiment, first length L1 can vary. Suitably, first length L1 is in the approximate range of 10 mm to 160 mm. Alternatively, a proximal cuff is used as discussed further below.

Second length L2 is suitably sufficient for providing adequate overlap in an environment with significant respiratory and cardiac induced motion. It is also suitable to space bypass gate 104 so that bypass gate 104 does not inadvertently open inside of a target branch. In one embodiment, second length L2 is suitably in the approximate range of 10 mm to 240 mm and in one particular embodiment is in the range of 20 mm to 70 mm. In one embodiment, the minimum overlap is shortened by providing some mechanism for anchoring of the device.

Third length L3 is suitably in the approximate range of 30 mm to 400 mm in one embodiment and is in the range of 20 mm to 180 mm in one particular embodiment. In one embodiment, artery leg 106 is extended with additional devices.

Although fixed diameters D1, D2, and D3 are illustrated and discussed, in one embodiment, main body 102, bypass gate 104 and/or artery leg 106 are non-uniform in diameter. For example, main body 102 flares or tapers at proximal end 110. Similarly, bypass gate 104 and/or artery leg 106 flare or taper at distal ends 120, 124, respectively. For example, bypass gate 104 and/or artery leg 106 flare or taper at distal ends 120, 124 to enhance sealing.

Artery leg 106 is configured to exert a higher radial force than the radial force of bypass gate 104. As used herein, “radial force” includes both a radial force exerted during expansion/deployment as well as a chronic radial force continuously exerted after implantation such that a scaffold has a predetermined compliance or resistance as the surrounding native anatomy, e.g., the aorta, expands and contracts during the cardiac cycle. The radial force of bypass gate 104 is configured to be lower than that of artery leg 106 to avoid collapse of artery leg 106 when bypass gate 104 is deployed against and adjacent thereof and thus maintain perfusion of the brachiocephalic artery as discussed further below.

To configure bypass gate 104 and artery leg 106 with differing relative radial forces, circumferential stents 140 of artery leg 106 be constructed with relatively thicker and/or shorter segments of material than circumferential stents 134 of bypass gate 104. Shorter and/or thicker circumferential stents 140 have less flexibility but greater radial force to ensure that circumferential stents 134 of bypass gate 104 do not collapse lumen 142 of artery leg 106. Other variations or modification of circumferential stents 134, 140 may be used to achieve relative radial forces in other embodiments.

Modular stent device 100 further includes radiopaque markers 150, 152, 154. In accordance with this embodiment, radiopaque marker 150 is shaped as a FIG. 8 marker, i.e., in the shape of the number 8. Radiopaque marker 150 is sewn into graft material 126 in line with artery leg 106. Under fluoroscopy, radiopaque marker 150 is rotated so that it is seen on the edge on the outer curvature of the aortic arch in one embodiment so that artery leg 106 is accurately and reproducibly deployed on the outer curve of the aorta.

Radiopaque maker 152 is sewn in the transition region where main body 102 meets bypass gate 104 and artery leg 106 to indicate the desired extent of overlap. Radiopaque marker 154, e.g., a coil marker, is sewn into bypass gate 104 to aid in cannulation of bypass gate 104.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vessel assembly 300 including modular stent device 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2 during deployment in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 together, the thoracic aorta 302 has numerous arterial branches. The arch AA of the aorta 302 has three major branches extending therefrom, all of which usually arise from the convex upper surface of the arch AA. The brachiocephalic artery BCA originates anterior to the trachea. The brachiocephalic artery BCA divides into two branches, the right subclavian artery RSA (which supplies blood to the right arm) and the right common carotid artery RCC (which supplies blood to the right side of the head and neck). The left common carotid artery LCC artery arises from the arch AA of the aorta 302 just to the left of the origin of the brachiocephalic artery BCA. The left common carotid artery LCC supplies blood to the left side of the head and neck. The third branch arising from the aortic arch AA, the left subclavian artery LSA, originates behind and just to the left of the origin of the left common carotid artery LCC and supplies blood to the left arm.

However, a significant proportion of the population has only two great branch vessels coming off the aortic arch AA while others have four great branch vessels coming of the aortic arch AA. Accordingly, although a particular anatomical geometry of the aortic arch AA is illustrated and discussed, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that the geometry of the aortic arch AA has anatomical variations and that the various structures as disclosed herein would be modified accordingly.

Aneurysms, dissections, penetrating ulcers, intramural hematomas and/or transections, generally referred to as a diseased region of the aorta 302, may occur in the aorta arch AA and the peripheral arteries BCA, LCC, LSA. For example, thoracic aortic aneurysms include aneurysms present in the ascending thoracic aorta, the aortic arch AA, and one or more of the branch arteries BCA, LCC, LSA that emanate therefrom. Thoracic aortic aneurysms also include aneurysms present in the descending thoracic aorta and branch arteries that emanate therefrom. Accordingly, the aorta 302 as illustrated in FIG. 3 has a diseased region similar to any one of those discussed above which will be bypassed and excluded using modular stent device 100 as discussed below.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, a guide wire 304 is introduced via supra aortic access, e.g. through the right subclavian artery RSA, and advanced into the ascending aorta 302. A delivery system 306 including modular stent device 100 is introduced via supra aortic access, e.g. through the right subclavian artery RSA, and is advanced into the ascending aorta 302 over guidewire 304. Delivery system 306 is positioned at the desired location such that the position of modular stent device 100 is in the ascending aorta near the aortic valve AV.

In accordance with this embodiment, delivery system 306 includes a tip capture mechanism 308 and a delivery sheath 310. Delivery sheath 310 maintains modular stent device 100 in a collapsed configuration during delivery to the desired location within the aorta 302. Tip capture mechanism 308 captures proximal end 110 of main body 102, e.g., proximal circumferential stent 128A, and keeps proximal end 110 in a collapsed configuration until released as discussed further below. Tip capture mechanism 308 controls proximal deployment accuracy in a highly mobile environment with large amounts of fluid flow, e.g., in the ascending aorta.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 3 at a later stage during deployment of modular stent device 100 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4 together, delivery sheath 310 is withdrawn to expose main body 102, bypass gate 104, and the proximal most portion of artery leg 106. This deploys main body 102 and bypass gate 104 which self-expand into the aorta 302. Bypass gate 104 is opened thus insuring perfusion to distal territories, e.g., including the aorta 302, the left common carotid LCC, and the left subclavian artery LCA. Radiopaque marker 150 aids in positioning of modular stent device 100 during deployment.

The design of bypass gate 104 limits wind socking of modular stent device 100 during deployment. More particularly, the relatively large diameter D2 of bypass gate 104 readily allows blood flow through bypass gate 104 thus minimizing undesirable motion of modular stent device 100 during deployment.

To allow adjustment of the position of modular stent device 100, proximal end 110 of main body 102 remains captured within tip capture mechanism 308 and the distal portion of artery leg 106 remains collapsed and captured within delivery sheath 310. Modular stent device 100 is moved, e.g., proximally or distally and/or rotated, if necessary, until positioned at the desired location. The closed web tip capture system of tip capture mechanism 308 insures accurate deployment at the sinotubular junction STJ to maximize the proximal seal of modular stent device 100 in the aorta 302.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 4 at a later stage during deployment of modular stent device 100 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 together, delivery sheath 310 is completely withdrawn to expose the entirety of artery leg 106. This deploys artery leg 106 which expands into the brachiocephalic artery BCA. Further, proximal end 110 of main body 102 is released from tip capture mechanism 308 and thus expands into aorta 302. Generally, this completes deployment of modular stent device 100.

As artery leg 106 has a greater radial force than bypass gate 104, artery leg 106 remains un-collapsed and opened. Accordingly, blood flow through artery leg 106 and perfusion of the brachiocephalic artery BCA and preservation of blood flow to cerebral territories including the brain is insured. This avoids stroke, or other medical complications from occlusion of the brachiocephalic artery BCA.

Perfusion of the brachiocephalic artery BCA is immediate and dependable. More particularly, artery leg 106 is released within brachiocephalic artery BCA and accordingly is necessarily located therein. Artery leg 106 is located within brachiocephalic artery BCA regardless of the radial orientation or longitudinal (axial) placement of modular stent device 100 within the aorta 302. By avoiding the requirement of precise radial orientation and longitudinal placement of modular stent device 100, the complexity of the procedure of deploying modular stent device 100 is reduced thus insuring the most possible favorable outcome.

If there is any collapse between artery leg 106 and bypass gate 104, the collapse is in bypass gate 104. However, bypass gate 104 has a sufficiently large diameter D2 such that any collapse of bypass gate 104 is partial and blood flow through bypass gate 104 and the aorta 302 is maintained.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a second modular stent device 100A in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIG. 6, second modular stent device 100A is the same or similar to modular stent device 100, the discussion of which is applicable to the second modular stent device 100A.

In accordance with this embodiment, second modular stent device 100A is deployed in a reverse, sometimes called mirrored, arrangement as compared to modular stent device 100. More particularly, an artery leg 106A of modular stent device 100A is deployed within the left subclavian artery LSA via supra aortic access through the left subclavian artery LSA. A bypass gate 104A of modular stent device 100A is located within aorta 302 and arranged to face and point towards bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100. A main body 102A of modular stent device 100A is located within the descending aorta 302. Modular stent device 100A is deployed in a manner similar to deployment of modular stent device 100 as described in relation to FIGS. 3-5 and only the significant differences are discussed below.

In accordance with this embodiment, blood flow enters modular stent device 100A through bypass gate 104A, and exits through main body 102A and artery leg 106A. Accordingly, blood flow through artery leg 106A and perfusion of the left subclavian artery LSA is insured.

As discussed above, the proximal end of a prosthesis such as modular stent device 100A is the end closest to the heart via the path of blood flow whereas the distal end is the end furthest away from the heart during deployment. Accordingly, due to the reverse deployment of modular stent device 100A as compared to modular stent device 100, the naming of certain features is reversed in modular stent device 100A as compared to modular stent device 100. More particularly, proximal opening 108, proximal end 110, distal end 112, proximal end 114, distal opening 118, distal end 120 of modular stent device 100 are called distal opening 108A, distal end 110A, proximal end 112A, distal end 114A, proximal opening 118A, proximal end 120A of modular stent device 100A, respectively.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 6 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft 702 into modular stent devices 100, 100A in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIG. 7, tube graft 702 is deployed within and spans bypass gates 104, 104A.

Tube graft 702 includes graft material 704 and one or more circumferential stents 706. Graft material 704 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 706 are similar to or identical to any one of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Upon completion of deployment of tube graft 702, blood flows from bypass gate 104 through tube graft 702 and to bypass gate 104A. In this manner, any overlapped diseased regions of the aorta 302 are excluded.

In accordance with this embodiment, tube graft 702 overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left common carotid artery LCC. In accordance with this embodiment, a bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left common carotid artery LCC. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC from the left subclavian artery LSA. Bypass 708 is surgically inserted during the same procedure as deployment of modular stent device 100A and tube graft 702. However, in another embodiment, bypass 708 is surgically inserted prior to deployment of modular stent device 100A and tube graft 702, e.g., to simplify the procedure.

Further, as illustrated in FIG. 7, optionally, a proximal cuff 712 is coupled to main body 102 of modular stent device 100 and extend proximately therefrom. For example, proximal cuff 712 is deployed in the event that proximal end 110 of main body 102 is deployed distally from the aortic valve AV to extend between the desired deployment location and proximal end 110 of main body 102. Proximal cuff 712 is optional and in one embodiment is not deployed or used.

Proximal cuff 712 includes graft material 714 and one or more circumferential stents 716. Graft material 714 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 716 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of second modular stent device 100A in accordance with another embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 8 at a final stage during deployment of tube graft 702 into modular stent devices 100, 100A in accordance with one embodiment. FIGS. 8 and 9 are similar to FIGS. 6 and 7 and only the significant differences are discussed below.

Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, artery leg 106A of modular stent device 100A is deployed within the left common carotid artery LCC via supra aortic access through the left common carotid artery LCC. Accordingly, blood flow through artery leg 106A and perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC is insured.

In accordance with this embodiment, tube graft 702 and/or modular stent device 100A overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left subclavian artery LSA. In accordance with this embodiment, bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left subclavian artery LSA. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left subclavian artery LSA from the left common carotid artery LCC.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of second modular stent device 100B in accordance with another embodiment. Second modular stent device 100B is the same or similar to modular stent device 100, the discussion of which is applicable to the second modular stent device 100B.

In accordance with this embodiment, an artery leg 106B of modular stent device 100B is deployed within the left subclavian artery LSA via supra aortic access through the left subclavian artery LSA. A bypass gate 104B of modular stent device 100B is located within aorta 302 and arranged to point away and distally from modular stent device 100. A main body 102B of modular stent device 100B is located within bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100.

In accordance with this embodiment, blood flow enters modular stent device 100B through main gate 102B, and exits through bypass gate 104B and artery leg 106B. Accordingly, blood flow through artery leg 106B and perfusion of the left subclavian artery LSA is insured. In this manner, any overlapped diseased regions of the aorta 302 are excluded.

In accordance with this embodiment, modular stent device 100B overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left common carotid artery LCC. In accordance with this embodiment, bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left common carotid artery LCC. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC from the left subclavian artery LSA.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 10 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft 1102 into modular stent device 100B in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIG. 11, tube graft 1102 is deployed into bypass gate 104B and into aorta 302 and is attached thereto.

Tube graft 1102 includes graft material 1104 and one or more circumferential stents 1106. Graft material 1104 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 1106 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Further, as illustrated in FIG. 11, optionally, proximal cuff 712 is coupled to main body 102 of modular stent device 100 and extend proximately therefrom.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of second modular stent device 100B in accordance with another embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 12 at a final stage during deployment of tube graft 1102 into modular stent device 100B in accordance with one embodiment. FIGS. 12 and 13 are similar to FIGS. 10 and 11 and only the significant differences are discussed below.

Referring now to FIGS. 12 and 13, artery leg 106B of modular stent device 100B is deployed within the left common carotid artery LCC via supra aortic access through the left common carotid artery LCC. Accordingly, blood flow through artery leg 106B and perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC is insured.

In accordance with this embodiment, tube graft 1102 and/or modular stent device 100B overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left subclavian artery LSA. In accordance with this embodiment, bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left subclavian artery LSA. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left subclavian artery LSA from the left common carotid artery LCC.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400, sometimes called a second modular stent device 1400, in accordance with another embodiment. Distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400 includes a main body 1402 and a coupling 1404 extending radially from main body 1402.

Main body 1402 is generally cylindrically shaped but can vary in diameter in other embodiments. A proximal end 1406 of main body 1402 of distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400 is deployed within bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100 via femoral access. Main body 1402 extends distally from bypass gate 104 and a distal end 1408 of main body 1402 is deployed within the descending aorta 302. Generally, main body 1402 defines a lumen extending therethrough.

Main body 1402 is deployed such that coupling 1404 is aligned with the left subclavian artery LSA. Coupling 1404 corresponds with an opening in the main body 1402. Coupling 1404 is generally frustoconically shaped and includes a base 1410 and a top 1412. A circumference of base 1410 is greater than a circumference of top 1412. Coupling 1404 defines a lumen in fluid communication with the lumen of main body 1402.

Accordingly, blood flow exiting bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100 enters proximal end 1406 of main body 1402. Blood flows through the lumen of main body 1402 and exits distal end 1408 and into the aorta 302.

Further, blood flow from the lumen of main body 1402 flows through coupling 1404 and into the left subclavian artery LSA. More particularly, blood flows enter into base 1410 of coupling 1404, through the lumen of coupling 1404, and exits top 1412 of coupling 1404 into the left subclavian artery LSA.

Main body 1402 includes graft material 1414 and one or more circumferential stents 1416. Graft material 1414 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 1416 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Coupling 1404 includes graft material 1418 and one or more circumferential stents 1420. Graft material 1418 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 1416 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 14 at a later stage during deployment of a bridging stent graft 1502 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15 together, bridging stent graft 1502 is deployed within coupling 1404 and within the left subclavian artery LSA. More particularly, bridging stent graft 1502 is anchored within coupling 1404 and the left subclavian artery LSA. Bridging stent graft 1502 is deployed via supra aortic access through the left subclavian artery LSA or alternatively through femoral access.

Bridging stent graft 1502 includes graft material 1504 and one or more circumferential stents 1506. Graft material 1504 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 1506 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Upon deployment of bridging stent graft 1502, blood flow into coupling 1404 is bridged and passed into the left subclavian artery LSA through bridging stent graft 1502.

In accordance with this embodiment, main body 1402 overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left common carotid artery LCC. In accordance with this embodiment, bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left common carotid artery LCC. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left common carotid artery LCC from the left subclavian artery LSA.

Further, as illustrated in FIG. 15, optionally, proximal cuff 712 can be coupled to main body 102 of modular stent device 100 and extend proximately therefrom.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a distal aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400A, sometimes called a second modular stent device 1400A, in accordance with another embodiment. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 16 at a later stage during deployment of bridging stent graft 1502 in accordance with one embodiment. FIGS. 16 and 17 are similar to FIGS. 14 and 15 and only the significant differences are discussed below.

In accordance with this embodiment, the positioning of coupling 1404 upon main body 1402 in aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400A is different (more proximal) than the position of coupling 1404 upon main body 1402 in aortic stent-graft prosthesis 1400 of FIGS. 14 and 15.

Main body 1402 is deployed such that coupling 1404 is aligned with the left common carotid artery LCC in accordance with this embodiment.

Accordingly, blood flow from the lumen of main body 1402 flows through coupling 1404 and into the left common carotid artery LCC. More particularly, blood flows enter into base 1410 of coupling 1404, through the lumen of coupling 1404, and exits top 1412 of coupling 1404 into the left common carotid artery LCC.

Paying particular attention now to FIG. 17, bridging stent graft 1502 is deployed within coupling 1404 and within the left common carotid artery LCC. More particularly, bridging stent graft 1502 is anchored within coupling 1404 and the left common carotid artery LCC. Bridging stent graft 1502 is deployed via supra aortic access through the left common carotid artery LCC or alternatively through femoral access. Upon deployment of bridging stent graft 1502, blood flow into coupling 1404 is bridged and passed into the left common carotid artery LCC through bridging stent graft 1502.

In accordance with this embodiment, main body 1402 overlaps, excludes and thus occludes the left subclavian artery LSA. In accordance with this embodiment, bypass 708 provides perfusion to the left subclavian artery LSA. Illustratively, bypass 708 provides perfusion of the left subclavian artery LSA from the left common carotid artery LCC.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of double gate bifurcated device 1800, sometimes called a second modular stent device, in accordance with another embodiment. In accordance with this embodiment, double gate bifurcated device 1800 includes a main body 1802, a bypass gate 1804, a first arterial gate 1806, and a second arterial gate 1808.

In accordance with one embodiment, main body 1802 is deployed within bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100. For example, double gate bifurcated device 1800 is deployed via supra-aortic access, e.g., from the left subclavian artery LSA (left arm access).

A distal opening 1810 of first arterial gate 1806 is proximal of the left common carotid artery LCC and a distal opening 1812 of second arterial gate 1808 is proximal of the left subclavian artery LSA. Bypass gate 1804 is deployed within the aorta 302. Double gate bifurcated device 1800 includes graft material(s) and stent(s) such as those discussed above.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 18 at a later stage during deployment of bridging stent grafts 1902, 1904 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19 together, bridging stent grafts 1902, 1904 are deployed within first arterial gate 1806 and second arterial gate 1808 and within the left common carotid artery LCC and the left subclavian artery LSA, respectively. More particularly, bridging stent graft 1902 is anchored within first arterial gate 1806 and the left common carotid artery LCC. Bridging stent graft 1904 is anchored within second arterial gate 1808 and the left subclavian artery LSA. Bridging stent grafts 1902, 1904 are deployed via supra aortic access through the left common carotid artery LCC and the left subclavian artery LSA, respectively.

Bridging stent graft grafts 1902, 1904 includes graft materials 1906, 1908 and one or more circumferential stents 1910, 1912, respectively. Graft materials 1906 and/or 1908 include any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 1910 and/or 1912 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Upon deployment of bridging stent graft grafts 1902, 1904, blood flow into first arterial gate 1806 and second arterial gate 1808 is bridged and passed into the left common carotid artery LCC and the left subclavian artery LSA through bridging stent grafts 1902, 1904, respectively.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 19 at a final stage during deployment of a tube graft 2002 into double gate bifurcated device 1800 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring to FIG. 20, tube graft 2002 is deployed into bypass gate 1804 and into aorta 302 and is attached thereto.

Tube graft 2002 includes graft material 2004 and one or more circumferential stents 2006. Graft material 2004 includes any one of the graft materials as discussed above in relation to graft materials 126, 132, 138. In addition, circumferential stents 2006 are similar to or identical to anyone of circumferential stents 128, 134, 140 as discussed above.

Further, as illustrated in FIG. 20, optionally, proximal cuff 712 is coupled to main body 102 of modular stent device 100 and extend proximately therefrom.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during deployment of a double gate bifurcated device 1800A, sometimes called a second modular stent device, in accordance with another embodiment. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of vessel assembly 300 of FIG. 21 at a later stage during deployment of bridging stent grafts 1902, 1904 in accordance with one embodiment. FIGS. 21 and 22 are similar to FIGS. 19 and 20 and only the significant differences are discussed below.

In accordance with this embodiment, double gate bifurcated device 1800A includes main body 1802, a bypass gate 1804A, first arterial gate 1806, and second arterial gate 1808. Bypass gate 1804A of double gate bifurcated device 1800A is longer than bypass gate 1804 of double gate bifurcated device 1800 eliminating the need of tube graft 2002 (see FIG. 20).

In accordance with one embodiment, main body 1802 is deployed within bypass gate 104 of modular stent device 100. For example, double gate bifurcated device 1800 is deployed via femoral access. Bypass gate 1804A is deployed within the aorta 302.

This application is related to co-filed and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. [ATTORNEY DOCKET NUMBER A0000210.US02], entitled “MODULAR STENT DEVICE FOR MULTIPLE VESSELS AND METHOD”, of Perkins et al. and U.S. patent application Ser. No. [ATTORNEY DOCKET NUMBER A0001105.US02], entitled “FEMORAL AORTIC ACCESS MODULAR STENT ASSEMBLY AND METHOD”, of Perkins et al., which are both herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.

It should be understood that various aspects disclosed herein may be combined in different combinations than the combinations specifically presented in the description and accompanying drawings. It should also be understood that, depending on the example, certain acts or events of any of the processes or methods described herein may be performed in a different sequence, may be added, merged, or left out altogether (e.g., all described acts or events may not be necessary to carry out the techniques). In addition, while certain aspects of this disclosure are described as being performed by a single module or unit for purposes of clarity, it should be understood that the techniques of this disclosure may be performed by a combination of units or modules associated with, for example, a medical device. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An assembly comprising: a first modular stent device comprising: a main body; a bypass gate extending distally from a distal end of the main body; and an artery leg extending distally from the distal end of the main body, wherein the artery leg has a greater radial force than a radial force of the bypass gate, wherein the main body has a first longitudinal axis, the bypass gate has a second longitudinal axis, and the artery leg has a third longitudinal axis, the first, second, and third longitudinal axes are parallel with one another when the first modular stent device is in a relaxed configuration; and a second modular stent device configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate.
 2. The assembly of claim 1 wherein the second modular stent device comprises: a main body; a bypass gate extending from the main body of the second modular stent device; and an artery leg extending from the main body of the second modular stent device.
 3. The assembly of claim 2 wherein the second modular stent device is essentially identical to the first modular stent device.
 4. The assembly of claim 2 wherein the second modular stent device is configured to be coupled to the first modular stent device in a mirror arrangement.
 5. The assembly of claim 4 wherein the bypass gate of the second modular stent device is configured to face towards the bypass gate of the first modular stent device.
 6. The assembly of claim 4 further comprising a tube graft configured to be deployed within the bypass gate of the first modular stent device and the bypass gate of the second modular stent device.
 7. The assembly of claim 2 wherein the main gate of the second modular stent device is configured to be deployed within the bypass gate of the first modular stent device.
 8. The assembly of claim 7 wherein the bypass gate of the second modular stent device is configured to point away from the first modular stent device.
 9. The assembly of claim 7 further comprising a tube graft configured to be deployed within the bypass gate of the second modular stent device.
 10. An assembly comprising: a modular stent device comprising: a main body; a bypass gate extending distally from a distal end of the main body; and an artery leg extending distally from the distal end of the main body, wherein the artery leg has a greater radial force than a radial force of the bypass gate, wherein the main body has a first longitudinal axis, the bypass gate has a second longitudinal axis, and the artery leg has a third longitudinal axis, the first, second, and third longitudinal axes are parallel with one another when the modular stent device is in a relaxed configuration; and a stent-graft prosthesis configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate.
 11. The assembly of claim 10 wherein the stent-graft prosthesis comprises: a main body; and a coupling extending radially from the main body of the stent-graft prosthesis.
 12. The assembly of claim 11 wherein the main body is cylindrical.
 13. The assembly of claim 12 wherein the coupling is frustoconically shaped.
 14. The assembly of claim 13 wherein the coupling comprises a base having a greater circumference than a circumference of a top of the coupling.
 15. The assembly of claim 11 further comprising a bridging stent graft configured to be coupled to the coupling.
 16. An assembly comprising: a modular stent device comprising: a main body; a bypass gate extending distally from a distal end of the main body; and an artery leg extending distally from the distal end of the main body, wherein the artery leg has a greater radial force than a radial force of the bypass gate, wherein the main body has a first longitudinal axis, the bypass gate has a second longitudinal axis, and the artery leg has a third longitudinal axis, the first, second, and third longitudinal axes are parallel with one another when the modular stent device is in a relaxed configuration; and a double gate bifurcated device configured to be coupled inside the bypass gate.
 17. The assembly of claim 16 wherein the double gate bifurcated device comprises: a main body; a bypass gate; a first arterial gate; and a second arterial gate.
 18. The assembly of claim 17 wherein the main body of the double gate bifurcated device is configured to be deployed within the bypass gate of the modular stent device.
 19. The assembly of claim 17 further comprising: a first bridging stent graft configured to be deployed in the first arterial gate; and a second bridging stent graft configured to be deployed in the second arterial gate.
 20. The assembly of claim 17 further comprising: a tube graft configured to be deployed within the bypass gate of the double gate bifurcated device. 